ADVANCED PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS - Python
Subject : ADVANCED PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS - Python
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# Python Operators
# Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.
#
# Python divides the operators in the following groups:
#
# Arithmetic operators
# Assignment operators
# Comparison operators
# Logical operators
# Identity operators
# Membership operators
# Bitwise operators
# Python Arithmetic Operators
# Arithmetic operators are used with numeric values
# to perform common mathematical operations:
# + Addition x + y
x = 5
y = 3
print("Addtion of two number=",x + y)
Output:
Addtion of two number= 8
# - Subtraction x - y
x = 5
y = 3
print(x - y)
Output:
2
# * Multiplication x * y
x = 5
y = 3
print(x * y)
Output:
15
# / Division x / y
x = 1
y = 2
print(x / y)
Output:
0.5
# % Modulus x % y
x = 11
y = 7
print(x % y)
Output:
4
# ** Exponentiation x ** y
x = 2
y = 5
print(x ** y) #same as 2*2*2*2*2
print(y**x)
Output:
32
25
# // Floor division x // y
x = 15
y = 2
# /
print(x // y)
#the floor division // rounds the result down to the nearest whole number
#end of arithmetic operators
Output:
7
# Python Assignment Operators
# Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:
# = x = 5 x = 5
x = 5
print(x)
Output:
5
# += x += 3 x = x + 3
x = 5
x += 3
print(x)
Output:
8
# -= x -= 3 x = x - 3
x = 5
x -= 3
print(x)
Output:
2
# *= x *= 3 x = x * 3
x = 5
x *= 3
print(x)
Output:
15
# /= x /= 3 x = x / 3
x = 5
x /= 3
print(x)
Output:
1.6666666666666667
# %= x %= 3 x = x % 3
x = 5
x%=3
print(x)
Output:
2
# //= x //= 3 x = x // 3
x = 5
x//=3
print(x)
Output:
1
# **= x **= 3 x = x ** 3
x = 5
x **= 3
print(x)
# end of python assignment operators
Output:
125
# Python Comparison Operators/Relational operators
# Comparison operators are used to compare two values:
# == Equal x == y
x = 5
y = 3
print(x == y)
# returns False because 5 is not equal to 3
Output:
False
# != Not equal x != y
x = 5
y = 3
print(x != y)
Output:
True
# > Greater than x > y
x = 5
y = 3
print(x > y)
Output:
True
# < Less than x < y
x = 5
y = 3
print(x < y)
# returns False because 5 is not less than 3
Output:
False
# >= Greater than or equal to x >= y
x = 5
y = 3
print(x >= y)
Output:
True
# <= Less than or equal to x <= y
x = 5
y = 3
print(x <= y)
Output:
False
# Python Logical Operators
#Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:
# and Returns True if both statements are true x < 5 and x < 10
x = 5
print(x > 3 and x < 10)
#1 && 1 = 1
Output:
True
# or Returns True if one of the statements is true x < 5 or x < 4
x = 5
print(x < 3 or x < 4)
# 0||0 -> 0
Output:
False
# not Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true
# not(x < 5 and x < 10)
x = 0
#print(not(x > 3 and x < 10))
#!(1&&1) ->0
print(not (x>5) )
# ! Logical NOT
# not
Output:
True
# Python Identity Operators
# Identity operators are used to compare the objects,
# not if they are equal, but if they are actually the same object,
# with the same memory location:
# is Returns True if both variables are the same object x is y
x = ["apple", "banana"]
y = ["apple", "banana"]
z = x
# p=1;
# print(x is z)
# print(x!=z)
print(z is x)
#print(x == y)
Output:
True
#is not Returns True if both variables are not the same object
x = ["apple", "banana"]
y = ["apple", "banana"]
#z = x
z=1
x=y
print(x is not z)
#print(z is y)
#
#
# print(x != y)
#end of Identity operator
Output:
True
# Python Membership Operators
# Membership operators are used to test if a sequence is presented in an object:
#in Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object
# x = ["apple", "banana"]
# #
# print("Apple" in x)
# y=(1,2,3)
#
# print(4 in y)
s={3,2,1}
# print(type(s))
print(4 not in s)
Output:
True
x = ["apple", "banana"]
print("pineapple" not in x)
Output:
True
# Python Bitwise Operators
# Bitwise operators are used to compare (binary) numbers:
& AND Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1
| OR Sets each bit to 1 if one of two bits is 1
^ XOR Sets each bit to 1 if only one of two bits is 1
~ NOT Inverts all the bits
<< Zero fill left shift Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off
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